PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS
i)All the acids are colourless, though sulphuric acid may be brown at times due to impurities.
ii)Acid taste sour.
iii)Acid turn blue litmus red and methyl orange pink.
iv)Acids are corrosive. They cause blisters on skin. And eat up materials like cloth, wood, metal structures and stone works. Acids never stored in metal containers because they gradually corrode and eat up the metal container.
v)Sulphuric acid is oily and heavier than water.
vi) Dilute acidic solutions are good conductors of electricity.
vii)All mineral acids are not corrosive. Carbonic acid is used in making soft drinks.
viii)Most acids are soluble in water.
Basicity of an Acid :
The number of Hydronium ions (H3O+) furnished by one molecule of an acid on complete dissociation in water is called Basicity of an acid. (or) the number of hydrogens that are replaced from a molecule of an acid on reaction with one molecule of base or salt is also known as Basicity of an acid.
a) Monobasic acid:
An acid which furnishes one Hydronium ion (H3O+) per molecule on complete dissociation in water is known as Monobasic Acid (or) if one hydrogen are replaced from a molecule of an acid on reaction with one molecule of base or salt is also known as Monobasic Acid
Ex :HCl
b) Dibasic acid:
An acid which furnishes two Hydronium ions (H3O+) per molecule on complete dissociation in water is known as Dibasic Acid (or) if two hydrogens are replaced from a molecule of an acid on reaction with one molecule of base or salt is also known as Dibasic Acid
Ex :H2SO4
c) Tribasic acid:
An acid which furnishes three Hydronium ions (H3O+) per molecule on complete dissociation in water is known as Tribasic Acid (or) if three hydrogens are replaced from a molecule of an acid on reaction with one molecule of base or salt is also known as Tribasic Acid
Ex :H3PO4