LCM AND HCF
Prime factorisation :
When a number is expressed as a product of prime numbers,we call it as the prime factorisation of that number.
(OR)
A factorisation in which every factor is prime, is called the prime factorization of the number.
Factor : A factor of a number is an exact divisor of the number.
Ex. 1, 2, 3, 6 divides ‘6’ exactly
1, 2, 3, 6 are called factors or divisors of the number ‘6’
Multiple : The products we get when a number is multiplied by the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4,..... are called the multiples of the given number.
Ex. The numbers 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18,..... are called the multiples of ‘3’.
Common factor: A natural number is said to be a common factor of two or more numbers, if it is a factor of each of them.
Common multiple : A natural number is said to be a common multiple of two or more numbers, if it is a multiple of each of them
HCF and LCM Definition
The full form of LCM in Maths is Least Common Multiple, whereas the full form of HCF is the Highest Common Factor. The H.C.F. defines the greatest factor present in between given two or more numbers, whereas L.C.M. defines the least number which is exactly divisible by two or more numbers. H.C.F. is also called the greatest common factor (GCF) and LCM is also called the Least Common Divisor.
We know that the factors of a number are exact divisors of that particular number.
HCF Definition
The greatest number which is the common factor of two or more given numbers is called H.C.F (or) G.C.D can be determined by three methods.
1) by writing all factors
2) by prime factorisation method
3) by division method