Preparation And Properties Of Acids

 Preparation And Properties Of Acids
Definition of Acid:
    Acid is defined as a substance which gives out hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.
                ;    
Basicity of an acid :
    The number of hydrogen ions (H+) furnished by one molecule of an acid, on dissolving on water, is called basicity of an acid.
    Basing on this acids classified,
1. Mono basic acid:
When one molecule of an acid on complete ionisation produces one hydrogen ion, H+ (aq), the acid is said to be mono basic.

Ex:    HCl, HCOOH, , HBr, HI,  & HCN
 It is clear that basicity is only by the H+ ions produced per molecule on complete ionisation and not on the number of hydrogen atoms present in a molecule. Though all the acids contain hydrogen, but all the hydrogen containing compounds are not acids.
    Ex :Glucose.
Dibasic acids:
     ions, 2H⁺ (aq), the acid is said to be dibasic.

Tribasic acids:
When one molecule of an acid on complete ionisation produces three hydrogen ions, 3H⁺ (aq), the acid is said to be tribasic.
Ex:H₃PO₃   
Strong Acids
The acids which undergoes complete ionisation when dissolved in water and furnish large concentration of H⁺  ions are called strong acids.
 Ex:-    Strong acids :Sulphuric acid Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Nitric acid (HNO₃)
The acids which undergoes partial ionisation when dissolved in water and furnish less concentration of H⁺  ions are called weakacids.
Weak acids :  Carbonic acid Acetic acid (CH₃COOH )
Nitrous acid Phosphoric acid (H₃PO_D)
Phosphorous acid (H₃PO4)
The acid s are categorized as concentrated and dilute acids. If you add acid to least quantity of water it is called concentrated acid while added to  high quantity of water is called diluted acid. Should be careful which adding water to an acid, because acid gives out heat, fumes and some times bursts into flame. Glass container may break due to excessive heat.
ACTIVITY:-

Acids in your body:
    Hydrochloric acid, made in the stomach, kills most of the germs that you swallow with your food and it also makes the conditions right for the food in your stomach to be digested.
    Lactic acid made by bacteria feeding on the sugars, may give you tooth decay