Ways to Multiply and Divide
Maniratnam is the cashier of king Jayan. His job is to find out the salary of all the people who work for the king. This chart shows how much salary each person gets in a day.
Maniratnam wanted to calculate the salary of the cook for the month of January. He wrote
Now Bhanu tried to find the salary of a minister for the month of January. He wanted to multiply 195 * 31.
a.
b. If Soha's heart beats 72 times in one minute, how many times does it beat in one hour?
c. A baby elephant drinks around 12 L of milk every day. How much milk will it drink in two years?
d. A baby blue whale drinks around 200 L of milk in one day. Just imagine how much milk that is! Find out in how many days your family would use 200 L milk.
How much milk would the baby blue whale drink in eight months?
Karunya bought three fields.
Find the area of all the three fields.
Thulasi and her husband work on Karunya's farm. The Government has said that farm workers should be paid at least Rs 71 for one day's work. But he pays Rs 55 to Thulasi and Rs 58 to her husband.
If Thulasi works for 49 days, how much money does she get?Rs.
If her husband works for 42 days, how much money does he get? Rs.
Find the money they earn together. Rs.
The table shows the amounts fixed by four states.
Satish's story
Satish is a 13 year old boy. His father had taken a loan for farming. But the crops failed. Now Satish's mother has to pay Rs 5000 every month for the loan.
Satish started working - he looked after 17 goats of the village.
He earns Rupee 1 everyday for one goat.
To help farmers the State Government gave cows. Kamla Bai Gudhe also got a cow. The cost of the cow was Rs 17,500.
She had to pay Rs 5,500 and the government spent the rest of the money.
Which is more - money spent on the cow or money earned from it? How much?
Dolma took a loan from a friend to buy a moped for Rs 9,588. She has to pay it back in equal amounts every month for six months.
Will both of them get the same answer? Discuss.
976 children are going on a picnic. They will be taken in mini buses. If 25 children can go in one bus, how many buses do they need?
Giving children the opportunity to find and discuss the errors in these examples will help their own understanding about the different steps for division. In A) a very common error has been given in which children either forget or do not understand the remainder. In B) there is a simple error of multiplication but there is also a more interesting question of whether the child has shown one extra bus for one remaining child.
Isha has Rs 1000 with her. She wants to buy petrol. One litre of petrol costs Rs 47. How many litres can she buy?
Money with Isha = Rs 1000
Cost of 1litre= Rs 47
Litres of petrol she can buy = Rs 1000 / Rs 47 = ?
Isha can buy litres of petrol.
Find Out
If Isha comes to your city, how much petrol can she buy with the same money?
Children are happy today. They are celebrating Children's Day. Each child will be given 4 coloured pencils from school. The school has got 969 pencils. To find out how many children can get pencils the teacher asks them to divide.
Complete Iru's and Sreeni's way of division. What is the answer you get?
Shivangi did it by a shortcut way.
Practice time
How many trees would be left over?
Shyamli bought a battery. She read on it 'Life: 2000 hours'. She uses it throughout the day and the night. How many days will the battery run?
Each line gives a story. You have to choose the question which makes the best story problem. The first one is already marked.
1) A shopkeeper has 50 boxes. There are 48 fruits in one box.
Tick the one question which matches with the given problem.
2) 352 children from a school went on a camping trip. Each tent had a group of 4 children.
3) A shopkeeper has 204 eggs. He puts them in egg trays. Each tray has 12 eggs.
Such exercises will help children understand the strategies to make questions related to the concepts of division and multiplication.
4) The cost of one book is Rs 47. Sonu buys 23 books.
Harisharan wanted to divide Rs 2,456 amongst his 4 sons. He asked his eldest son to tell him how much money each one will get.
Harisharan multiplied 624 with 4.
He got = Rs 2,496.
The son did the division again 2456 / 4 = 614.
Before telling his father he checked on his own.
614 * 4 = 2456.
Now, it is correct. Each one will get Rs 614.
Practice time
1) Do these divisions. Check your results by multiplication.
a)438 / 9
b) 3480 / 12
c)450 / 7
d)900 / 10
e)678 /6
f ) 2475 / 11
2) Solve the given sums and colour the answers in the grid given below. See what you find.
21 * 16
26 * 26
85 * 30
432 / 18
288 / 4
15 * 7
77 * 10
64 * 42
729 / 9
869 / 11
93 * 2
50 * 10
31 * 19
3200 / 40
19 * 3
825 / 5
847 / 7
17 * 5
11 * 11
221 / 13
981 / 3
10 * 10
59 * 7
248 / 8
576 / 12
475 / 19