Indian Governance
A government has three main functions :
1. It makes laws, that is, it makes rules.
2. It enforces laws, that is, it makes arrangements so that the rules can be put into practice.
3. It gives justice, that is, it solves any complaint or quarrel. India is a large country.
All these things cannot be done at any one place for the entire country. So, these functions are done at two levels : central level and state level. Thus, there are two types of government in our country : central government and state government.
Understanding government
Let us understand the government by an example : Midday Meals in Government Schools.
It makes laws : The government made a law that midday meals will be served to all primary students in government schools.
It enforces laws : The government made arrangements to provide rations and other facilities to schools so that midday meals can be given in government schools.
It gives justice : In some schools, midday meals were not of good quality. They complained and so they were also given facilities for providing quality midday meals to students.
Central Government
The central government, also known as the union government, is responsible for the entire country. It includes the President, the Prime Minister, and the Parliament. The President is the head of state and the supreme commander of the armed forces, while the Prime Minister is the head of the government.
State Government
A state government is located in states. It works for the respective state. It comprises the Governor, the Chief Minister and the Vidhan Sabha.